IRONWEED THEME essays

IRONWEED THEME essays After reading Ironweed by William Kennedy, I have determined the theme of this book to be about the importance of a close and trustworthy friendship. I believe the theme to be this because of the shared dependence on the interaction between Francis and Helen. As Francis and Helen were struggling together, Francis would often provide Helen with a place to sleep for a night or two. Although Helen could have found her own means of survival from time to time, the help she gained from Francis was ideal to surviving the cold nights. The connections that Francis has gained over the years with Inn owners, bartenders, mission leaders, ect., allows them many options for help to find means of survival from day to day. Francis is also dependant on the friends that he has gained. Although he would never allow himself to admit it, he enjoyed the company of others and the distraction they provided from reality. Francis was often haunted by ghosts from his past, including those that he had ki lled and lost years ago. The company of others provided him with something else to occupy his time besides the thoughts and visions of those ghosts. This book stresses the importance of friendship in a before-and-after type of example. Before Francis met Helen, his life was very undetermined; he had nothing. However, after meeting Helen, his life, in turn, gains more structure and purpose. He is not simply wandering through his days; but trying to prosper for the sake of their survival. He cared for Helen; this gave him motivation to get work to earn money to provide for the two of them. He had found a true friend; not one that he gained in hopes of receiving something back, a true friend, and his life became better. Ironweed was written around the theme that a close and trustworthy friendship is very important in having a happy, purposeful life. ...

Grams and Telegrams

Grams and Telegrams Grams and Telegrams Grams and Telegrams By Mark Nichol This post lists and defines words derived from the Greek term gramma, which pertains not only to a small weight, as in gram and compound words in which gram is the base, but also to letters (hence telegram) and writing (hence grammar). Words That Begin with Gram gram: a metric unit of weight equivalent to one one-thousandth of a kilogram, the base unit of weight in the metric system; gram is also an unrelated term for any of various legumes, such as chickpeas, and an informal variant of grandma gramarye (also gramarye): magic, enchantment, or necromancy (likely from the Old French term gramaire, which initially referred to any book written in Latin and came to pertain to a book of grammar or of magic) gramercy: an obsolete construction derived from â€Å"grand mercy,† a Middle English expression of gratitude or surprise based on the Anglo-French phrase grand merci (â€Å"great thanks†) grammar: the study or system of word classes and their inflections, functions, and interrelationships; the application of rules of grammar in speech and writing; a grammar textbook; and, by extension, principles and rules of a particular practice or technique, or a set of such guidelines grammar checker: software that evaluates grammar in writing used in electronic documents grammarian: one knowledgeable about grammar grammatical: pertaining to grammar grammatist: a strict grammar expert grammatolatry: worship of letters and words, especially in the context of devotion to Christian scripture Grammy: one of a number of awards given for excellence in recorded music (derived from gramophone; see gramophone, below); the plural is Grammys gramophile: one who collects or otherwise enjoys phonograph records gramophone: a former trademark for a brand of phonograph, or record player grimoire: a manual for calling demons and spirits (from an alteration in Old French of the word gramaire; see gramarye, above) Words That End with Gram aerogram: an obsolete term for an airmail letter, one specially designated for shipment on an airplane at a time when mail was usually sent by sea anagram: a word or phrase formed by transposing another word or phrase angiogram: an X-ray or gamma ray photograph produced by injecting a substance into blood vessels that is visible in the image cardiogram: a tracing of movements of the heart centigram: a metric unit of weight equivalent to one one-hundredth of a kilogram cryptogram: a message in cipher or code, or a figure or symbol with hidden significance dactylogram: a fingerprint diagram: a drawing, or a chart or plan, that explains or shows parts of an object or an organism; as a verb, to explain or show something with such a representation electroencephalogram: a tracing of brain waves hexagram: a six-pointed star (a similar figure is called Solomon’s seal) histogram: a visual record of frequency of occurrence hologram: a three-dimensional image, or the pattern producing the image derived from a laser beam or similar beam ideogram: a picture or symbol used to represent a thing or an idea rather than a word or phrase; also, a synonym for logogram (see logogram, below) kilogram: the basic unit of weight in the metric system, roughly equivalent to 2.2 pounds lipogram: a piece of writing deliberately written so that a particular letter of the alphabet is never used logogram: a sign such as an ampersand (), or a dollar sign, that represents a word mammogram: a photograph of breasts using X-rays for medical examination, or the procedure for producing a mammogram milligram: a metric unit of weight equivalent to one one-thousandth of a gram monogram: a sign that combines a person’s initials into one symbol pentagram: a five-sided star used as a symbol of magic or the occult phonogram: a character or symbol that represents a sound, syllable, or word pictogram: an ancient drawing or painting on rock, a symbol in a graphic system using pictures, or a representation of data using pictures (also called a pictograph) seismogram: a record, produced by a seismograph, of a tremor spectrogram: a diagram or image of the spectrum of light telegram: a message sent by telegraph tetragrammaton: the four Hebrew letters, usually represented by YHWH (Yahweh) or JHVH (Jehovah), constituting the name of God Gramineous and graminiverous, meaning, respectively â€Å"pertaining to grass† and â€Å"having a diet of grass,† are unrelated. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant Names10 Types of TransitionsWhat Is a Doctor?

Master Plan for Training and Capacity Building of Staff Outline

Master Plan for Training and Capacity Building of Staff - Outline Example It is said so because need analysis defines the gap which exists between current and desired state of organizational and individual performance. The basic purpose of conducting need analysis is to measure the performance and resolving issues related to performance or in case of introducing new technology, task or system or a when an organization desires to take advantage out of an opportunity. There are several ways of providing training to employees in order to polish and sharpen their performance. Some of these methodologies should be included by the firm as training programs in order to build the working capacity of employees. Off-the-job training includes activities through which employee can get training by being out of the workplace. Distance learning, working day releases, self study, sponsored courses are some examples of off-the-job training which must be included while designing a master plan. Appraisal reviews helps in knowing what types of penetrations and variations are required to be included in the training program. Feedback of workers and employees can help in developing a genuine and constructive appraisal review. Difficulty Analysis is commenced in order to determine which type of tasks cause greatest amount of difficulties to employee and how they can be resolved through better training. Difficulty analysis is constructive in enabling the need analysis to weigh different aspects of training in relation to reducing the trouble that the workers might face. Motivation is vital for employee development and capacity building. Intrinsic motivation depends on self esteem, self confidence etc. Individual program should be made in order to deal with employees separately as every other person has different level of intrinsic motivation. Individual employees program should stress on the importance of skills, attitude and other assets that can boost the confidence of employee.

Estrogen Signaling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Estrogen Signaling - Essay Example Estrogen is one of the important sex hormones. It has definite physiological roles, the most important of which are sexual and reproductive functions. Other biological roles include involvement in various functions attributing to the cardiovascular, immune, central nervous system and musculoskeletal systems (Gustafsson, 2003; cited in Heldring, 2007: 906). The body produces many estrogen types, the most potent of which is 12- beta estradiol or E2. E2, along with its 2 metabolites estriol and estrone exerts various biophysiological effects in the body (Heldring, 2007). These effects are mediated through binding of the molecules of estrogen to specific estrogen receptors. Currently, 2 specific estrogen receptors have been identified and they are ER-alpha and ER-beta. These receptors belong to class-1 nuclear receptors (Petterson and Gustafsson, 2001; cited in Heldring, 2007: 907). Binding of the ligands to these receptors induces certain conformation changes in the receptor which in tu rn leads to a series of changes in the receptors and ultimately ends in the preinitiation complex. The changes which occur in the receptors are migration of ER from cytosol to nucleus, dimerisation of the receptor molecules, binding and interactions between dimerised receptor protein and specific sequences of DNA, recruitment of various coregulator proteins concerned with the biological action and also recruitment of various transcription factors (Paech, Webb, Kuiper, et al,1997; cited in Heldring, 2007: 908).

God and Morality Essay Example for Free

God and Morality Essay The question is this – Is it possible to be of good moral character while not believing in God? Looking at the definition of morality as defined in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy the term morality can be used descriptively or actively. A] to refer to some code of conduct put forward by a society or some other group such as religious. Or put forward by a society and is acceptable to an individual for his or her own behavior. B] to refer to a code of conduct that, given specific conditions would be put forward by all rational persons. Morality appears to be separate from religion and although not spoken of or referred to as such there are different groups of moral persons, not all are viewed as good or just. Some examples may include Christian morality, Nazi morality, Greek morality etc. At times etiquette is included as part of morality. Hobbs expresses a standard view when he talks about manners. â€Å"By manners I mean not here decency of behavior, as how one man should salute another, or how a man should wash his mouth or pick his teeth before company and such other parts of small morals, but those qualities of mankind that concern their living together in peace and unity. † (Hobbs, 2010). The laws and our legal system is distinguished by a moral system that includes having written laws or rules, penalties and officials to make the laws and enforce God and Morality pg. 3 the laws and then penalize. Laws are often evaluated on moral grounds. Moral critisism is often used to support a change in a current law or to design a new law. Religion differs from morality or having a moral system. Religious morality is based on stories or events that are past. These stories and events are used to justify the behavior that religion prohibits or requires. At times morality is regarded as the code of conduct that is put forward by religion. Morality is thought by many to need some religious explanation or justification. However, just as with law some practices and precepts are critical on moral grounds. Morals provide us with a guide for conduct, where as religion is always more than that. The definition and description of morality tells us that morality is a belief system that follows the rule of â€Å"goodness†. It is similar to a â€Å"blanket† over society and is separate from religion. Even in these times morality is always in question. In an article written by a Baltimore Sun journalist titled â€Å"The Morality Brigade. † The writer expresses his opinion onto his readers stating that â€Å"We’re still legislating and regulating private morality, while at the same time ignoring the much larger crisis of public morality in America. † (Reich, R. 2013) He continues on to back up his accusations. He writes that legislatures in North Dakota passed a bill banning abortions after 6 weeks. (At which time a heart beat is detectable) as well as approved a fall referendum that could ban all abortions by defining human life beginning at the time of conception. He continues on that these same legislatures God and Morality pg. 4 â€Å"worry about fetuses but they show little concern for what happens to children after they are born. They and other conservatives have been cutting funding for child nutrition, health care for infants and their mothers, and schools. † (Reich, R. 2013). This is just an example of American Morality. So it seems that at this point I have defined what morality is and how it can be applied. I have also touched on Religion and Morality being a very separate entity. Now I will discuss God and Morals. It is very possible for a person to not believe in God and posses high moral standards. Understanding that the person being moral is not due to their belief in God, it is independent of that. Having a belief in God is dogmatic to say the least. There is no rational way to say that God exists. To believe in God one must bypass reason and embrace faith. This is ok if believing in God gives a person comfort and security, although if we tie God to morality it may become problematic. Something as important and influential as morality should not be based on a dogma. If there is no proof that God exists beyond a shadow of a doubt than why do people still believe? Indoctrinate plays more of a role than rational and clear thinking. Religious indoctrination caters to our psychological insecurities and needs, not to reason. Think of some things that we know do not exist. An example would be the tooth fairy or maybe unicorns. We are proud to be skeptical and disapproving, however religion tells us when it comes to believing in God, faith is a virtue. God and Morality pg. 5. Morality is an autonomous human virtue that is independent of God. Otherwise, it would not be possible that atheists behave with impeccable moral standards and so many God believers do not have any morals. Let it also be noted that the great moral traditions of the world do not bring God into morality. Two of the most recognized and adored moral traditions in the east, Confucianism and Buddhism do not believe in God. The roots of morality in the west are in the idea of ancient Greeks, especially Plato and Aristotle who based their morality on reason alone, not on any dogma. It appears that religions who originate in the Middle East have a pronounced inclination to base morality on God. These same religions are also the most violent ones in history, killing many in the name of God. There is no evidence that theists are more moral than monotheists. Physiological studies have failed to find a significant correlation between the frequency of religious worship and moral conduct. An example is that convicted criminals are much more likely to be theists than not. With this being said it is a clear assumption that good people do good because they want to do good. It is not because they personally benefit from the good they do or because they are being forced. Fundamentalists perceive that the universal moral standards are required for the proper function of a society. Philosophers as diverse as Plato, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, George Edward Moore, and John Rawls have demonstrated to us that it is possible to have universal morality without having a belief in God. God and Morality pg. 6 As is stated by Paul Kurtz â€Å"One needs no theological grounds to justify these elementary principles. They are rooted in Human experience. † (Kurtz, P.1996) Now we will discuss that morality and God are linked and that religious beliefs are linked to the morality of each and every person who chooses to live their life in a moral way. If God does not exist, says Dostoyevsky’s Ivan Karamazov, â€Å"everything is permitted,† which means that we as humans can make choices whether they are good or bad, hurtful or nice. The direction in which society is going in suggests that people have lost their â€Å"way†. Too many bad things happen due to human badness. God is no longer allowed in public places, schools, government agencies, etc. This argument suggests that because God has slowly disappeared from our day to day lives society is going downhill at a very fast pace. Does this mean that God is linked to morals in our modern society? Fundamentalists claim that all ill’s in today’s society such as aids and out of wed lock pregnancy are a direct result of a breakdown in morality and this breakdown is due to a decline in the belief in God. The view that God created the moral law is often called the â€Å"Divine Command Theory of Ethics† According to this view is that what makes an action right is that God wills it to be done. All standards that we live by have consequences if not followed or adhered to. There is the fear of punishment. If we speed in our car we are given a ticket. If we God and Morality pg. 7 Sin our souls will spend eternity in hell. Heaven and Hell are often construed as the carrot and the stick that God dangles in front of to make us tow the line, to keep on the straight and narrow. Heaven is the reward and hell is the punishment. Would society be able to function correctly and morally if these rewards and punishments were not in plain view? We have lawmakers and peacekeepers all over the world to help make and enforce the laws so that people know there are consequences. Morals are no different. They help define a person’s goodness and worthiness of the ultimate reward, eternity in heaven. Moral standards without moral sanctions just simply do not mean much. Any person who thinks that it is sufficient to have relative standards that are based upon what groups or individuals feel is right or just cannot see a connection between God and morality. Moral principles such as don’t steal, don’t murder etc.must be objective and practiced by all putting aside any personal conflicts. When people accept moral principles without having a reason to they do not hold these principles as closely as someone who believes in God simply because there are no carrot or stick to hold them in place where they need to be, rather a personal belief or a mandated belief by societal rules in what is right or wrong If we recognize that God does exist than we recognize that God created the world and mankind in his own likeness. For this argument it makes sense to say that God controls the world which justifies ethical obligations. To deny God’s existence we God and Morality pg. 8 Are ethically obligated to what exactly? We typically learn morality from our parents and from those we love, we are conditioned to follow a morally righteous path in life, however to have such a standard of moral obligation can only be granted by God, binding every person and demanding such impeccable respect. By letting God into our lives we are accepting good instead of evil, we are consummating the fact that we are moral and ethical. By allowing God’s teachings and praise into our lives we are promised a more enriching morally accepted life. My view prior to doing any research was that Yes! You can lead a moral life without having a belief in God. I was raised Catholic, I even went to Catholic school, however, I have questioned my own religion over the years and now I have turned my back on it. I do bring my children to church which allows them to draw their own conclusions about God. I want them to have that choice in life and of course I would never condemn them for believing in God. It is just my personal choice. I live in the Bible belt and I always get asked the question, â€Å"where do you go to church? † I typically tell them that I do not go to church, which is similar to having the plague. It is not that I am not a good person. I feel that I am. Any morals and values that I have my parents have instilled in me. I also believe that the â€Å"rules† or commandments of God are simply a guide established at the time the bible was written to keep society in line. I absolutely agree with the fact of you do not have to believe in God to be moral. I make choices everyday and my choices are based on God and Morality pg. 9the things that I believe to be the best choice for the people I love, people I do not know and myself. I have never had any problems reaching out to help another person whether I knew them or not. I also feel that I go above and beyond at times helping others when I need to. Living a good moral life is a choice and I do it for no other reason than to be there for someone else. I do not do it for glory or self righteousness, or because someone is looking, I do it because for me it is all about treating others the way I wish to be treated. God and Morality pg. 10 References Baumin, S. (2008) Antitheism and Morality. Philosophical Forum retrieved March 27, 2013 from http://dx. doi. org/10. 111/j. 1467-9191. 2007. 00282. x Frame and Poythress. A debate between John Frame and Paul Kurtz. Do we Need God to be Moral? retrieved March 25,, 2013 from http:// poythress. org/do-we-need-god-to-be-moral/ Gert, Bernard. (2012) The Definition of Morality. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Edward N. Zalto (ed. ), retrieved March 27, 2013 from http://plato. stanford. edu/archives/fall2012/entries/morality-definition. Merrill, K. R. (2012) Spectres of False Divinity:Hume’s Moral Atheism. Retrieved March 25, 2013 from http://search. proquest. com. proxy-library. ashford. edu/docview/1288432167. accountid=32521 Reich, R. B. (2013)The Morality Brigade retrieved March 27,2013 from http://baltimoresun. com/opinion/bal-the-morality-brigade-20130326,0,146487 God and Morality pg. 11 Schick, T. Jr. (1995)Morality Requires God†¦. or Does it? Retrieved March 25, 2013 from http://www. secular. humanism. org/index. php? section=librarypage=schick_17_3.

Paideia, Schole, Paidia: Then and Now :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Paideia, Schole, Paidia: Then and Now ABSTRACT: Aristotle centers the citizen’s education (paideia) on leisure (schole). Its features, especially of play (paidia), are evoked to remedy deficiencies in three contemporary philosophies of leisure: classical, critical and communitarian. Paideia, the citizen's education, is extensively tied up with liberal studies in most of Aristotle's discussion in book eight of the Politics. But this tie-up intellectualizes the leisure at their root in the first few chapters of the book. While my undergraduates in leisure studies always need to be drawn up from their sole focus upon sport, perhaps my philosophy colleagues need relief to de-intellectualize paideia back down to schole. There are dimensions of Aristotle's comments which are remedial to contemporary streams of leisure theory. This paper will recapitulate his comments, then apply them to three types of contemporary theory. His first chapter justifies the reason why politics is not meddling when it takes an interest in the formation of its citizens. This is because any constitution will not be workable unless citizens' characters, their virtues, are compatible with it. His second chapter opens what should be taught. Without doubt, useful things should be taught. But not all useful things: useful things which "vulgarize" the citizen should not. To vulgarize is to make one less fit for the practice of virtue, the city's concern. Any occupation, art or science can vulgarize. An occupation will, if it is paid employment; that degrades the mind by absorbing it. An art will, if it deforms the body; the Spartans did that, by their excruciating and savage routines. And a science will, if it is pursued to its perfection of detail. Our bywords about workaholic compulsions, steroid stars, and nerdy scholars, show that we experience the three instances he speaks of, even if paradoxes appear that do not trouble him. Why learn anything at all that is useful, if we can't earn a living at it? How is it virtuous to be never the master but ever a dabbler? Is it not inherent in science to drive us to its ultimate details, one way toward its principles and another toward its applications? These three are more localized problems, however, than his fourth limitation on useful education. That the very same activity is first excluded from the teachable useful, and then is re-included merely by a change in its object, touches our Aristotle with an anachronistic subjectivity, whereby the subject constitutes whatever identity the object has.

The five pillars of today’s security techniques

With increased incidents of security intrusions more emphases is being put in Information Systems Security. Corporate data needs to be protected at all cost. A compromise on system security could cost an organization millions in data loss and strategic information spilling. Thus, a formidable security system is an investment any organization running data traffic on corporate and public networks should implement. Information system security can be enhanced through the following:Protection:Firewalls employ selective rules to grant or deny access to data traffic in to the intranet. To limit access to a website, you might decide to block the associated FTP port.   Firewalls may also be configured to block all traffic apart from a few, listed. For example to limited access to common World Wide Web traffic, you may just block port 80 or 8080.Intrusion prevention:Intrusion prevention systems combine the strengths of firewall and IPS. It examines network traffic like IDS and determines whe ther to pass any given traffic like firewalls.The IPS assesses traffic patterns to evaluate the type of network access and to determine whether it should be permitted. While IDS can only note an ongoing attack and pass the alert to an analyst, the IPS will stop the attack by blocking traffic between the attacker and its victim.Intrusion Detection:Intrusion detection systems (IDS) actively look for intrusions in process such as forbidden websites access or Trojan horse attempting to control a workstation activity. They record dangerous patterns and alert the network security personnel. They have to be configured carefully for purposes of sending the correct information to the security personnel.Reaction:In the event of a security compromise in your organization, there is always an expected reaction.   You may react by sealing the loops e.g. in a web based information system, a poorly coded script code that skips password encryption may be corrected on an in-house programming exerci se. An off shelf application whose security has been compromised may be reported to the vendor for future provision of security updates.Documentation:All security attacks, their impact on the information system and possible sources and causes should be documented. This gives an audit trail for future consideration. Adaptive development, also takes into consideration such incidences for purposes of fixing the bugs.  

What aspects of this passage are of interest, considering the novel as a whole?

In this passage, a number of key themes are introduced into the novel. Waugh highlights Guy's dislocation in society and his feelings of loneliness and exclusion. Waugh also satirises the upper class of society greatly throughout the novel and particularly in this passage. Other themes presented in the passage which are important to the novel as a whole are themes of selfishness and justice. In the passage, Waugh portrays as lonely and excluded from society at the time. From the statement, ‘There was always someone going Guy's way towards his hotel, always a friendly arm. But his heart was lonely. , we can see that Guy is unable to find a female companion which adds to his loneliness and gives his life less purpose. Furthermore, he seeks comfort from the old soldiers but ‘Guy found no sympathy among these old soldiers for his own hot indignation'. Guy seems to be insulted by the fact he is not able to lead the life of a typical soldier and feel a sense of inclusion. Later in the novel, Guy psychologically excludes himself from the rest of his regiment by saying ‘It looks as though I am going to be an extra mouth', implying that he is not useful to society at the time, giving his life little purpose. By describing Guy's situation, Waugh is questioning whether society fulfils its purpose of making people feel included and useful. Guy's age acts as a barrier between him and the younger soldiers who call him ‘Uncle', emphasised when ‘He was excused from parades and Physical Training' because of his injury. Before the passage, Waugh explains that ‘Guy alone was a stranger among them'. Waugh's use of emotive language such as ‘Guy alone' and the word ‘stranger' help create an image of loneliness, as Guy is different from the rest of the men. Guy's inability to live a life of fulfilment and feel a sense of inclusion plays a part in Waugh's satirising of the upper class. Waugh suggests that the exclusivity of the upper class prevents Guy living a life of fulfilment. Guy wants to become a part of the war effort in order to make himself useful but finds himself being excluded. This is supported by Lord Kilbannock who remarks that ‘It's a very exclusive war at present. Once you're in, there's every opportunity. Waugh is able to satirise the upper class by ridiculing the principles, actions and traditions of the Halberdiers. Waugh often patronises the Halberdiers with Guy thinking ‘†¦ it seemed impossible that anything conducted by the Halberdiers could fall short of excellence'. However, this statement is ironic as, in the same chapter, Guy and half a dozen of the Halberdiers receive the wrong order, culminating in them missing the train to their new destination, Kut-al-Imara House. This shows that the Halberdiers give the appearance of a well organised force, but in reality, they are not an efficient fighting force. Waugh also satirises the upper class through the use of double-barreled names. In the passage, the name ‘Box-Bender' is mentioned. Throughout the novel, Waugh uses double-barrelled names for numerous characters, such as ‘Ritchie-Hook, Sarum-Smith' and a triple-barrelled name for ‘Grace-Groundling-Marchpole'. In their endeavour to remain exclusive, they have embellished their names to the extent of comical pomposity. However, the name ‘Crouchback' serves only to exclude Guy yet further, giving a pathetic image of a poor, old man bent over with a sore back. The exclusiveness of the upper class is translated into the theme of selfishness by many characters throughout the novel. Firstly, many young soldiers had their lives ruined by generals such as Ritchie-Hook who were prepared to carelessly ‘spend them'. In the passage, Waugh argues that ‘Most of them had gone straight from school to the trenches and spent the rest of their lives forgetting the mice and lice and noise. ‘ The repetition of the word ‘and' in this sentence emphasises the negative aspects of war. Secondly, in this novel as a whole, Virginia represents the selfishness of the upper class. She is prepared to use men for their money and leave them if they lose their money. For example, when talking to Guy outside the passage, Virginia reminisces ‘It was the year everyone went broke†¦ That was another of the troubles with Tommy' and ‘Money gone, Me gone, all in one go'. Both these comments show that Virginia left her husbands when they had no money, illustrating her lack of principles and selfishness. Waugh extends the theme of selfishness in the novel to society in general, when the hotel owners raise their prices such as at the Marine Hotel. Managements and servants had settled down to the simple policy of doing less than they had done before, for rather more money. ‘ They are exploiting their fellow countrymen as they know that comfortable accommodation is at a premium. The moral issues involving Apthorpe's selfish and ruthless attitude to promotion relate to the theme of justice in the novel. During the passage, justice is considered briefly by the old soldiers. Box-Bender's view is that ‘You'd have a general strike and the whole country in collapse if you set up to be just'. This reinforces the moral issue that a selfish, immoral man finds it easier to progress in our society, illustrated by men in authority such as the Brigade Major and Ritchie-Hook. Guy takes the Brigade Major's advice and takes a bottle of whisky to Apthorpe in hospital as an act of kindness, but this results in the death of Apthorpe for which he is forced to take full responsibility. Neither the Brigade Major nor Ritchie-Hook give him any support. This event shows that army life encourages a ruthless, selfish attitude as a lack of justice within the army ranks will ensure this type of character succeeds.

The Tasks of Technical Writing

The Tasks of Technical Writing The Tasks of Technical Writing The Tasks of Technical Writing By Mark Nichol If you’ve ever read an instruction manual, you know what technical writing is, though it comes in many other forms. The three basic categories of technical writing are: end-user documentation, which helps consumers build, operate, and/or repair tools, devices, software, and hardware. technical documentation, which includes repair manuals, maintenance guides, and engineering specifications; white papers, research papers, or journal articles; reference guides; and annual reports. marketing copy, such as advertisements, brochures, catalogs, press releases, and home page content. Technical writing is accomplished according to various considerations: Format: Will it be published in print, or online? Will the writer submit raw text to be formatted later, or is the writer responsible for its presentation as well? Source: Will the writer obtain information from one or more people with pertinent knowledge (often referred to as subject-matter experts), from provided print or online resources, from materials the writer will have to identify and locate, or from a combination of sources? Audience: What is the technical ability of the readership? Are readers laypeople, people familiar with but not proficient in the topic, or experts? The expected format determines whether the writer is expected to be an information designer as well, the source(s) determine whether the writer needs interviewing and/or research skills as well as writing skills, and the audience determines whether and to what extent the writer must define or revise technical terms and/or simplify descriptions and explanations. Technical writers must of course have an aptitude for explaining sometimes complicated procedures in clear language. It is also helpful for them to know principles of instructional design and be able to produce and present visual and audio materials to augment or replace written content. In addition, technical writers are often called on to create more than one version of a document to accommodate users with various levels of expertise. But the most important proficiencies for technical writers are problem solving and troubleshooting, because those who create documentation are in the best position to note and respond to obstacles and inconsistencies in its production; like any writer or editor, the technical writer is the reader’s representative, examining documentation from the user’s point of view and ensuring that it anticipates any questions or concerns they may have. The range of professional disciplines in which technical writing is conducted is diverse. Documentation is required in the following areas: computer software and hardware tools and appliances machines and vehicles toys and sports equipment finance and banking science and medicine politics and social policy law and law enforcement Similar job titles include technical editor, information architect, and user-interface designer; people in these roles perform related functions but help refine and format the work of technical writers or produce documentation independently. Considering the array of tasks and the spectrum of subject matter involved in technical communications, if you have a knack for explaining and for organizing and presenting information, you’re likely to find a professional niche that’s right for you. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterDawned vs. DonnedPresent Participle as Adjective

Historic Timeline From 1850 to 1860

Historic Timeline From 1850 to 1860 The 1850s was a pivotal decade in the 19th century. In the United States, tensions over slavery became prominent and dramatic events hastened the nations movement towards civil war. In Europe, new technology was celebrated and the great powers fought the Crimean War. 1850 January 29: The Compromise of 1850  was introduced in the U.S. Congress. The legislation would eventually pass and be highly controversial, but it essentially delayed the Civil War by a decade. February 1: Edward Eddie Lincoln, a four-year-old son of Abraham and Mary Todd Lincoln, died in Springfield, Illinois.   July 9: President Zachary Taylor died in the White House. His vice president, Millard Fillmore, ascended to the presidency. July 19: Margaret Fuller, an early feminist writer and editor, died tragically at the age of 40 in a shipwreck on the coast of Long Island. September 11: The first New York City concert by Swedish opera singer Jenny Lind created a sensation. Her tour, promoted by P.T. Barnum, would cross America for the following year. December 7: The first clipper ship built by Donald McKay, the Stag Hound, was launched. 1851 May 1: An enormous exhibition of technology opened in London with a ceremony attended by Queen Victoria and the events sponsor, her husband Prince Albert. Prize-winning innovations shown at the Great Exhibition included photographs by  Mathew Brady and the reaper of  Cyrus McCormick. September 11: In what became known as the Christiana Riot, a Maryland slaveholder was killed when he attempted to capture a runaway slave in rural Pennsylvania. September 18: Journalist Henry J. Raymond published the first issue of the New York Times. November 14: Herman Melville’s novel Moby Dick  was published. Henry Clay. Getty Images 1852 March 20: Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom’s Cabin. June 29: Death of Henry Clay. The great legislators body was taken from Washington, D.C. to his home in Kentucky and elaborate funeral observances were held in cities along the way. July 4: Frederick Douglass  delivered notable speech, â€Å"The Meaning of July 4th for the Negro.† October 24: Death of Daniel Webster. November 2: Franklin Pierce elected President of the United States. 1853 March 4: Franklin Pierce sworn in as President of the United States. July 8: Commodore Matthew Perry sailed into Japanese harbor near present day Tokyo with four American warships, demanding to deliver a letter to the emperor of Japan. December 30: Gadsden Purchase signed.   The sinking of the S.S. Arctic. Library of Congress   1854 March 28: Britain and France declare war on Russia, entering The Crimean War. The conflict between was costly and had a very confusing purpose. March 31: Treaty of Kanagawa signed. The treaty opened Japan up for trade, after considerable pressure from the United States. May 30: The Kansas-Nebraska Act signed into law. The legislation, designed to lessen the tension over slavery, actually has the opposite effect. September 27: The steamship S.S. Arctic collided with another ship off the coast of Canada and sank with a great loss of life. The disaster was considered scandalous as women and children were left to die in the icy waters of the Atlantic. October 21: Florence Nightingale left Britain for the Crimean War. Her service aiding battlefield casualties would make her a legend and set a new standard for nursing. November 6: Birth of composer and bandleader John Philip Sousa. 1855 January 28: The Panama Railroad opened, and the first locomotive to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific traveled on it. March 8: British photographer Roger Fenton, with his wagon of photographic gear, arrived at the Crimean War. He would make the first serious effort to photograph a war. July 4: Walt Whitman published his first edition of Leaves of Grass in Brooklyn, New York. November 17: David Livingstone became the first European to reach Victoria Falls in Africa. November 21: Violence over slavery erupted in the U.S. territory of Kansas at the start of the pre-war troubles that would become known as â€Å"Bleeding Kansas.† Congressman Preston Brooks attacked Senator Charles Sumner on the floor of the U.S. Senate. Getty Images 1856 February 18: The Know-Nothing Party held a convention and nominates former president Millard Fillmore as its presidential candidate. May 22: Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts was  attacked and beaten with a cane in the U.S. Senate chamber by Representative Preston Brooks of South Carolina. The nearly fatal beating was prompted by a speech the anti-slavery Sumner gave in which he insulted a pro-slavery Senator. His attacker, Brooks, was declared a hero in the slave states, and southerners took up collections and sent him new canes to replace the one he had splintered while beating Sumner. May 24: Abolitionist fanatic John Brown and his followers perpetrated the Pottawatomie Massacre in Kansas. October: A series of incidents begin the Second Opium War between Britain and China. November 4: James Buchanan elected president of the United States. 1857 March 4: James Buchanan  was inaugurated as President of the United States. He became very ill at his own inauguration, raising questions in the press about whether he had been poisoned in a failed assassination attempt. March 6: The Dred Scott Decision was announced by the U.S. Supreme Court. The decision, which asserted that African Americans could not be American citizens, inflamed the debate over slavery. 1858 August–October 1858: Perennial rivals Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln held a series of seven debates in Illinois while running for a U.S. Senate seat. Douglas won the election, but the debates elevated Lincoln, and his anti-slavery views, to national prominence. Newspaper stenographers wrote down the content of the debates, and portions that were published in newspapers introduced Lincoln to an audience outside of Illinois. 1859 August 27: The first oil well was drilled in Pennsylvania to a depth of 69 feet. The following morning it was discovered to be successful. The modest well would lead to a revolution as petroleum taken from the ground would propel the rise of industry. September 15: Death of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the brilliant British engineer. At the time of his death his enormous steel ship The Great Eastern was still unfinished. October 16: Abolitionist radical John Brown launched a raid against the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry. Brown hoped to stir up a slave uprising, but his raid ended in disaster and he was taken prisoner by federal troops. December 2: Following a trial, abolitionist John Brown was hanged for treason. His death energized many sympathizers in the North, and made him a martyr. In the North, people mourned and church bells tolled in tribute. In the South, people rejoiced.

Task 3--Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Task 3--Literature - Essay Example ..slavery...stock exchange, the advertisement, the secret police, and the bomb" (Le Guin, 1995, p. 968). The economic, social, and political freedom of the people stems from the absence of any ruling class or institutional structure (e.g. church, school, courts) that governs the daily affairs  of the city. Economically speaking, the people of Omelas live in a prosperous city which can afford "subway trains, washing machines, and all kinds of marvelous devices" but can function just as perfectly well without technological devices  (Le Guin, 1995, p. 968). Beneath this seemingly perfect city lies a moral dilemma that continuously haunts the people of Omelas. The people of Omelas, in addition, are characterized by their psychological, emotional, and moral composition. Its people are free from guilt and all forms of political and economic constraint. All of them, however, acknowledge that their happiness is entirely dependent on the suffering of a single child locked up in a broom cl oset. They feel disgust and anger upon initially learning about the child but soon accept the â€Å"terrible justice of reality† (Le Guin, 1995, p. 971). Once in a while, though, some of them leave Omelas to live with their own personal guilt rather than continue living in that morally ambiguous city.